How many layers are present in the cornea?

The cornea consists of five distinct layers, each serving a unique function that contributes to the overall health and performance of the eye. These layers include:

1. Epithelium: The outermost layer, which acts as a barrier to protect the underlying tissues from exposure to pathogens, foreign particles, and UV light. It also helps in maintaining hydration and offers some sensory nerve endings.

2. Bowman's Layer: Situated beneath the epithelium, this thin layer provides structural support to the cornea and contributes to its strength.

3. Stroma: The thickest layer of the cornea, composed primarily of collagen fibers, which provide transparency and structural integrity. The arrangement of these fibers is crucial for the cornea's ability to focus light properly onto the retina.

4. Descemet's Membrane: This thin but strong layer serves as the basement membrane for the endothelium. It plays an important role in the wound healing process of the cornea.

5. Endothelium: The innermost layer, it regulates the fluid balance within the cornea and helps maintain its transparency. Damage to this layer can lead to corneal swelling and vision loss.

Understanding these five layers is