What is the retina's main function in vision?

The primary function of the retina is to convert light into neural signals. This process occurs through a series of photochemical reactions in photoreceptor cells known as rods and cones, which are located in the retina. When light enters the eye, it is focused by the lens onto the retina, where the rods and cones detect the light and convert it into electrical impulses. These impulses are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, allowing us to perceive images.

While focusing light is important, that function is primarily carried out by the cornea and lens rather than the retina. Regulation of pupil size is managed by the iris, and protection of the eye involves various structures including the eyelids and lashes. Therefore, the most accurate choice regarding the retina’s function is its role in converting light into neural signals, which is essential for vision.